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The de Borda Institute

aims to promote the use of inclusive, multi-optional and preferential voting procedures, both in parliaments/congresses and in referendums, on all contentious questions of social choice.

This applies specifically to decision-making, be it for the electorate in regional/national polls, for their elected representatives in councils and parliaments, for members of a local community group, a company board, a co-operative, and so on.  But we also cover elections.

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The Institute is named after Jean-Charles de Borda, and hence the well-known voting procedure, the Borda Count BC; but Jean-Charles actually invented what is now called the Modified Borda Count, MBC - the difference is subtle:

In a vote on n options, the voter may cast m preferences; and, of course, m < n.

In a BC, points are awarded to (1st, 2nd ... last) preferences cast according to the rule (n, n-1 ... 1) {or (n-1, n-2 ... 0)} whereas,

in an MBC, points are awarded to (1st, 2nd ... last) preferences cast according to the rule (m, m-1 ... 1).

The difference can be huge, especially when the topic is controversial: the BC benefits those who cast only a 1st preference; the MBC encourages the consensual, those who submit not only a 1st preference but also their 2nd (and subsequent) compromise option(s).  And if (nearly) every voter states their compromise option(s), an MBC can identify the collective compromise.

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DECISION-MAKER
Inclusive voting app 

https://debordavote.com

THE APP TO BEAT ALL APPS, APPSOLUTELY!

(The latest in a long-line of electronic voting for decision-making; our first was in 1991.)

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FINANCES

The Institute was estabished in 1997 with a cash grant of £3,000 from the Joseph Rowntree Charitabe Trust, and has received the occasional sum from Northern Ireland's Community Relations Council and others.  Today it relies on voluntary donations and the voluntary work of its board, while most running expenses are paid by the director. 

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A BLOG 

"De Borda abroad." From Belfast to Beijing and beyond... and back. Starting in Vienna with the Sept 2017 TEDx talk, I give lectures in Belgrade, Sarajevo, Istanbul, Tbilisi, Yerevan, Tehran, Beijing, Tianjin, Xuzhou, Hong Kong and Taiwan... but not in Pyongyang. Then back via Mongolia (where I had been an election observer in June 2017) and Moscow (where I'd worked in the '80s).

I have my little fold-up Brompton with me - surely the best way of exploring any new city! So I prefer to go by train, boat or bus, and then cycle wherever in each new venue; and all with just one plastic water bottle... or that was the intention!

The story is here.

In Sept 2019, I set off again, to promote the book of the journey.  After the ninth book launch in Taipei University, I went to stay with friends in a little village in Gansu for the Chinese New Year.  The rat.  Then came the virus, lockdown... and I was stuck.

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The Hospital for Incurable Protestants

The Mémoire of a Collapsed Catholic

 This is the story of a pacifist in a conflict zone, in Northern Ireland and the Balkans.  Only in e-format, but only £5.15.  Available from Amazon.

 

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The director alongside the statue of Jean-Charles de Borda, capitaine et savant, in l’École Navale in Brest, 24.9.2010. Photo by Gwenaelle Bichelot. 

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WELCOME

Welcome to the home page of the de Borda Institute, a Northern Ireland-based international organisation (an NGO) which aims to promote the use of inclusive voting procedures on all contentious questions of social choice. For more information use the menu options above or feel free to contact the organisation's headquarters. If you want to check the meaning of any of the terms used, then by all means have a look at this glossary.

As shown in these attachments, there are many voting procedures for use in decision-making and even more electoral systems.  This is because, in decision-making, there is usually only one outcome - a singe decision or a shopping ist, a prioritisation; but with some electoral systems, and definitely in any proportional ones, there can be several winners.  Sometimes, for any one voters' profile - that is, the set of all their preferences - the outcome of any count may well depend on the voting procedure used.  In this very simple example of a few voters voting on just four options, and in these two hypothetical examples on five, (word document) or (Power-point) in which a few cast their preferences on five options, the profiles are analysed according to different methodologies, and the winner could be any one of all the options.  Yet all of these methodologies are called democratic!  Extraordinary!

« 2023-11 Belfast Agreement, 25th anniversary | Main | 2023-9 NI council elections in May. Fairer? »
Wednesday
Mar292023

2023-10 SNP elections: and the winner was ?

DateWednesday, March 29, 2023

SNP ELECTIONS

The first-round results counted only the 1st preferences.

Preferences

%

11

41

48

1st

Ash

Kate

Humza

 

The second round transferred only Ash’s votes: 7 to Kate and 4 to Humza.  So Hamza won, 52% to Kate’s 48%.  In effect, Ash’s 2nd preferences were key, while all the 2nd preferences of Kate and Humza were just ignored!

Maybe – we just don’t know – but maybe Kate, the 1st preference of 41%, was also the 2nd preference of 55%, and the 3rd preference of only 4%.  While Humza, the 1st preference of 48%, was perhaps the 2nd preference of only 4% and the 3rd preference of 41%. 

Preferences

%

11

41

48

1st

Ash

Kate

Humza

 

7

4

41

0

0

48

2nd

Kate

Humza

Ash

Humza

Ash

Kate

3rd

Humza

Kate

Humza

Ash

Kate

Ash

 

The rulers proposed by Jean-Charles de Borda in 1770 stipulate that:

in an election of n candidates (options), a voter may cast m preferences – so n > m > 1 –

and points shall be awarded to the

(1st, 2nd … nth)

preferences cast, according to the following

(m, m-1 … 1)

points.  In which case, the count would be

Candidates

(Preferences and) Points

POINTS

TOTAL

1st

2nd

3rd

Ash

(11)    33

(41)     82

(48)   48

163

Kate

(41)  123

(55)  110

(4)      4

237

Humza

(48)  144

(4)        8

(48)   48

200

 

600

 

and the winner would be Kate.  The conclusion is that a voting procedure should always take all preferences cast by all voters into account.

 

AuthorDeborda | Comments Off |

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