About us

The de Borda Institute

aims to promote the use of inclusive, multi-optional and preferential voting procedures, both in parliaments/congresses and in referendums, on all contentious questions of social choice.

This applies specifically to decision-making, be it for the electorate in regional/national polls, for their elected representatives in councils and parliaments, for members of a local community group, a company board, a co-operative, and so on.  But we also cover elections.

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The Institute is named after Jean-Charles de Borda, and hence the well-known voting procedure, the Borda Count BC; but Jean-Charles actually invented what is now called the Modified Borda Count, MBC - the difference is subtle:

In a vote on n options, the voter may cast m preferences; and, of course, m < n.

In a BC, points are awarded to (1st, 2nd ... last) preferences cast according to the rule (n, n-1 ... 1) {or (n-1, n-2 ... 0)} whereas,

in an MBC, points are awarded to (1st, 2nd ... lastpreferences cast according to the rule (m, m-1 ... 1).

The difference can be huge, especially when the topic is controversial: the BC benefits those who cast only a 1st preference; the MBC encourages the consensual, those who submit not only a 1st preference but also their 2nd (and subsequent) compromise option(s) And if (nearly) every voter states their compromise option(s), an MBC can identify the collective compromise.

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DECISION-MAKER
Inclusive voting app 

https://debordavote.com

THE APP TO BEAT ALL APPS, APPSOLUTELY!

(The latest in a long-line of electronic voting for decision-making; our first was in 1991.)

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FINANCES

The Institute was estabished in 1997 with a cash grant of £3,000 from the Joseph Rowntree Charitabe Trust, and has received the occasional sum from Northern Ireland's Community Relations Council and others.  Today it relies on voluntary donations and the voluntary work of its board, while most running expenses are paid by the director. 

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A BLOG 

"De Borda abroad." From Belfast to Beijing and beyond... and back. Starting in Vienna with the Sept 2017 TEDx talk, I give lectures in Belgrade, Sarajevo, Istanbul, Tbilisi, Yerevan, Tehran, Beijing, Tianjin, Xuzhou, Hong Kong and Taiwan... but not in Pyongyang. Then back via Mongolia (where I had been an election observer in June 2017) and Moscow (where I'd worked in the '80s).

I have my little fold-up Brompton with me - surely the best way of exploring any new city! So I prefer to go by train, boat or bus, and then cycle wherever in each new venue; and all with just one plastic water bottle... or that was the intention!

The story is here.

In Sept 2019, I set off again, to promote the book of the journey.  After the ninth book launch in Taipei University, I went to stay with friends in a little village in Gansu for the Chinese New Year.  The rat.  Then came the virus, lockdown... and I was stuck.

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The Hospital for Incurable Protestants

The Mémoire of a Collapsed Catholic

 This is the story of a pacifist in a conflict zone, in Northern Ireland and the Balkans.  Only in e-format, but only £5.15.  Available from Amazon.

 

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The director alongside the statue of Jean-Charles de Borda, capitaine et savant, in l’École Navale in Brest, 24.9.2010. Photo by Gwenaelle Bichelot. 

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WELCOME

Welcome to the home page of the de Borda Institute, a Northern Ireland-based international organisation (an NGO) which aims to promote the use of inclusive voting procedures on all contentious questions of social choice. For more information use the menu options above or feel free to contact the organisation's headquarters. If you want to check the meaning of any of the terms used, then by all means have a look at this glossary.

As shown in these attachments, there are many voting procedures for use in decision-making and even more electoral systems.  This is because, in decision-making, there is usually only one outcome - a singe decision or a shopping ist, a prioritisation; but with some electoral systems, and definitely in any proportional ones, there can be several winners.  Sometimes, for any one voters' profile - that is, the set of all their preferences - the outcome of any count may well depend on the voting procedure used.  In this very simple example of a few voters voting on just four options, and in these two hypothetical examples on five, (word document) or (Power-point) in which a few cast their preferences on five options, the profiles are analysed according to different methodologies, and the winner could be any one of all the options.  Yet all of these methodologies are called democratic!  Extraordinary!

« 2023-18 House of Lords (my presentation) | Main | 2023-16 The HOUSE of LORDS »
Monday
May222023

2023-17 NI elections still don't comply... 

NI  ELECTIONS, 2023

Unfree, maybe; unfair, definitely!

NI elections do not comply with international standards.

Sinn Féin’s surge was inflated by some of the archaic and absurd rules which (still) govern NI elections.

a)         Polling stations are not neutral.  Posters are not on the fence but sometimes within feet of the main entrance. 

IMG_3642.JPG  

The above was just outside St Therese's polling station on the Antrim Road.

 

b)         Campaigning is allowed on polling day.  This is bizarre!  Party cars are still blaring their propaganda.  At some polling stations, party activists from several parties maintain a gauntlet, those of the bigger parties sometimes issuing ‘sample ballots’, ‘instructing’ their voters how to vote[1] (i.e., treating the latter as ‘ballot fodder’).  These bits of paper then litter the inside of the polling station and do further harm to any semblance of the premises’ neutrality. 

IMG_3658.JPG 

 Making noises outside St Patrick's Primary School polling station in New Lodge, c. 7.30 pm.


c)         Some polling stations allow for ‘polling agents’, who are informed, out loud, of the electoral number of each voter.  It seems that only SF takes advantage of this, and on a smaller scale than in previous years.  Instead, later on in the day, I heard that SF was going door-to-door.

Nevertheless, in some polling stations (like Ardoyne Community Centre), the polling agents’ desk is the first one the voter comes to, and a polling agent is little better than the party’s ‘thought police’.  Why do they record who has voted?  I asked only one agent, and she didn’t know.   

In previous elections, though I saw no evidence of this yesterday, these ‘agents’ have smuggled such data to their activists outside, so that any persons who haven’t yet voted, ‘stragglers’ (the frail and/or sick and/or elderly and/or maybe just reluctant) can be rounded up… yes, ballot fodder.  In 2023, it seems, this task is done (after all, campaigning is still allowed) door to door.

In other elections, and certainly in those administered by the OSCE:

A         Polling stations and their immediate environs, up to say 100 m, are neutral.  No posters, no activists, nothing.

B         Campaigning is not permitted on polling day, at all!  From midnight to midnight, at least.  With no activists, there would be fewer ‘sample ballots’.  Furthermore, if the candidates were listed on the ballot paper in random order (and a different random order to that used in postal ballots), this abuse could be limited if not obviated.

C         Parties should have no access at all to the marked register, at least not until polling has ceased.  In most OSCE observed elections, and certainly in any OSCE-run elections, the party observers havwe no access to the register at all; they sit to one side, away from the voters and officials, and only observe.  No chats, no ‘whadaboutyers’, silence.

Recommendations

The last time the OSCE observed an election in NI was in 2003.  In their report 

https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/8/c/19324.pdf 

they suggested no campaigning on polling day, not outside and certainly not inside the polling stations.  The authorities have consistently ignored this advice. 

On 22nd March, a petition from Naomi Long, Monica McWilliams and Mal O’Hara amongst others, also asked for a ban on political campaigning on polling day.  It too was ignored.

I spoke at length to half-a-dozen returning officers yesterday, and they all agreed the law should be changed.  And I should add, the polling station staff were, without exception, as professional as they could be.  If only the electoral law was in accordance with international standards... 

But nothing ever happens.

And SF surges in the polls.



[1]           If a big party  --  SF or DUP  --  thinks it has 3 quotas, it might decide to issue ‘instructions’ so that voters ‘here’ vote A-B-C, ‘there’ B-C-A, and ‘beyond’ C-A-B, so that, at best, all three candidates gain a quota of 1st prefs in stage (i).  It's called 'voter management'  --  i.e., yet again, treating the voters like 'ballot fodder'.

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